{"id":194,"date":"2026-08-22T02:01:31","date_gmt":"2026-08-22T02:01:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pandaofficefurniture.eu\/?p=194"},"modified":"2026-08-22T02:03:22","modified_gmt":"2026-08-22T02:03:22","slug":"vietnam-funeral-homes-cemeteries-memorial-parks-mausoleums-crematoriums-and-columbariums","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pandaofficefurniture.eu\/zh\/vietnam-funeral-homes-cemeteries-memorial-parks-mausoleums-crematoriums-and-columbariums\/","title":{"rendered":"Vietnam Funeral Homes, Cemeteries, Memorial Parks, Mausoleums, Crematoriums and Columbariums"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"et_pb_section_0 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_flex_section\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_0 et_pb_row et_flex_row\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_0 et_pb_column et-last-child et_flex_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough et_flex_column_24_24 et_flex_column_24_24_tablet et_flex_column_24_24_phone\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_0 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p data-start=\"168\" data-end=\"504\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\">Vietnam has a large and diverse <strong data-start=\"200\" data-end=\"259\">funeral, cemetery, cremation and memorial-care industry<\/strong> covering funeral homes, municipal cemeteries, family burial grounds, martyrs' cemeteries, national cemeteries, memorial parks, crematoriums, columbariums, urn-storage facilities, mausoleums, tombstone services and cemetery-management companies.<span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"506\" data-end=\"585\">The Vietnamese terminology is particularly useful when researching this market:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"587\" data-end=\"1408\">\n<li data-section-id=\"m1t0py\" data-start=\"587\" data-end=\"634\"><strong data-start=\"589\" data-end=\"604\">Nh\u00e0 tang l\u1ec5<\/strong> \u2014 Funeral Home \/ Funeral Hall<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1p0omsv\" data-start=\"635\" data-end=\"663\"><strong data-start=\"637\" data-end=\"652\">Ngh\u0129a trang<\/strong> \u2014 Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1cc5wb6\" data-start=\"664\" data-end=\"724\"><strong data-start=\"666\" data-end=\"690\">Hoa vi\u00ean ngh\u0129a trang<\/strong> \u2014 Memorial Park \/ Garden Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1b2xkq5\" data-start=\"725\" data-end=\"794\"><strong data-start=\"727\" data-end=\"759\">L\u00f2 h\u1ecfa t\u00e1ng \/ C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ecfa t\u00e1ng<\/strong> \u2014 Crematorium \/ Cremation Facility<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"gj4fvw\" data-start=\"795\" data-end=\"857\"><strong data-start=\"797\" data-end=\"820\">Nh\u00e0 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef tro c\u1ed1t<\/strong> \u2014 Columbarium \/ Ash Storage Facility<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1pd0jx3\" data-start=\"858\" data-end=\"897\"><strong data-start=\"860\" data-end=\"870\">Khu m\u1ed9<\/strong> \u2014 Burial Area \/ Grave Area<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"gvxvge\" data-start=\"898\" data-end=\"944\"><strong data-start=\"900\" data-end=\"911\">Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9<\/strong> \u2014 Individual Grave \/ Burial Plot<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"6uv9yv\" data-start=\"945\" data-end=\"984\"><strong data-start=\"947\" data-end=\"958\">L\u0103ng m\u1ed9<\/strong> \u2014 Mausoleum \/ Family Tomb<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"mxqpdi\" data-start=\"985\" data-end=\"1041\"><strong data-start=\"987\" data-end=\"1002\">Khu l\u0103ng m\u1ed9<\/strong> \u2014 Mausoleum Complex \/ Family Tomb Area<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1erhz5i\" data-start=\"1042\" data-end=\"1087\"><strong data-start=\"1044\" data-end=\"1067\">Ngh\u0129a trang li\u1ec7t s\u0129<\/strong> \u2014 Martyrs' Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1izry6g\" data-start=\"1088\" data-end=\"1134\"><strong data-start=\"1090\" data-end=\"1114\">Ngh\u0129a trang qu\u1ed1c gia<\/strong> \u2014 National Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ydhu2y\" data-start=\"1135\" data-end=\"1189\"><strong data-start=\"1137\" data-end=\"1149\">C\u1ea3i t\u00e1ng<\/strong> \u2014 Reburial \/ Exhumation and Reinterment<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"f4zkpx\" data-start=\"1190\" data-end=\"1244\"><strong data-start=\"1192\" data-end=\"1204\">C\u00e1t t\u00e1ng<\/strong> \u2014 Burial of Cremated or Cleaned Remains<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"10f45qa\" data-start=\"1245\" data-end=\"1271\"><strong data-start=\"1247\" data-end=\"1259\">H\u1ecfa t\u00e1ng<\/strong> \u2014 Cremation<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ldys4k\" data-start=\"1272\" data-end=\"1295\"><strong data-start=\"1274\" data-end=\"1286\">Mai t\u00e1ng<\/strong> \u2014 Burial<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"cd8clu\" data-start=\"1296\" data-end=\"1326\"><strong data-start=\"1298\" data-end=\"1309\">Tro c\u1ed1t<\/strong> \u2014 Cremated Ashes<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1053jje\" data-start=\"1327\" data-end=\"1372\"><strong data-start=\"1329\" data-end=\"1341\">Ti\u1ec3u c\u1ed1t<\/strong> \u2014 Bone Ash \/ Remains Container<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"bmnfsn\" data-start=\"1373\" data-end=\"1408\"><strong data-start=\"1375\" data-end=\"1386\">M\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n<\/strong> \u2014 Grave \/ Burial Plot<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1410\" data-end=\"1762\">Vietnamese regulations distinguish between burial, one-time burial, temporary burial followed by reburial, reinterment, and cremation. Cemetery services can include funeral organization, burial, cremation, tomb construction, reburial, grave maintenance, ash storage and services for visits and memorial ceremonies. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"1693\" data-content-reference-end=\"1725\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"1764\" data-end=\"1767\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"13doufz\" data-start=\"1769\" data-end=\"1816\">1. Funeral Homes and Funeral Halls in Vietnam<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"1818\" data-end=\"1895\"><strong data-start=\"1818\" data-end=\"1849\">Funeral Home \/ Funeral Hall<\/strong> is generally translated from <strong data-start=\"1879\" data-end=\"1894\">Nh\u00e0 tang l\u1ec5<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1897\" data-end=\"1939\">Vietnamese funeral facilities can provide:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1941\" data-end=\"2495\">\n<li data-section-id=\"lumzzm\" data-start=\"1941\" data-end=\"1959\">Funeral planning<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"g75xf8\" data-start=\"1960\" data-end=\"1982\">Funeral organization<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"vf5vat\" data-start=\"1983\" data-end=\"1998\">Funeral halls<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1x3zkkp\" data-start=\"1999\" data-end=\"2014\">Viewing rooms<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"cm0yz9\" data-start=\"2015\" data-end=\"2029\">Cold storage<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"mv81je\" data-start=\"2030\" data-end=\"2048\">Coffin placement<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"zqnyu9\" data-start=\"2049\" data-end=\"2067\">Body preparation<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"359fim\" data-start=\"2068\" data-end=\"2096\">Embalming-related services<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"16dq1g1\" data-start=\"2097\" data-end=\"2121\">Funeral transportation<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"16gyzny\" data-start=\"2122\" data-end=\"2139\">Hearse services<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"mj5yj1\" data-start=\"2140\" data-end=\"2160\">Funeral decoration<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"72kvkv\" data-start=\"2161\" data-end=\"2183\">Religious ceremonies<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1n158ws\" data-start=\"2184\" data-end=\"2213\">Buddhist funeral ceremonies<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"wfzdo\" data-start=\"2214\" data-end=\"2244\">Christian funeral ceremonies<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"lwckre\" data-start=\"2245\" data-end=\"2274\">Catholic funeral ceremonies<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"n7q8ry\" data-start=\"2275\" data-end=\"2310\">Traditional Vietnamese ceremonies<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1dd7a9c\" data-start=\"2311\" data-end=\"2337\">Coffin and casket supply<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hghqbo\" data-start=\"2338\" data-end=\"2359\">Burial arrangements<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1navrvl\" data-start=\"2360\" data-end=\"2384\">Cremation arrangements<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"19lmhhg\" data-start=\"2385\" data-end=\"2401\">Ash collection<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"gb3vpe\" data-start=\"2402\" data-end=\"2422\">Grave arrangements<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ewu2ly\" data-start=\"2423\" data-end=\"2444\">Memorial ceremonies<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4khinw\" data-start=\"2445\" data-end=\"2471\">Documentation assistance<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ujhevn\" data-start=\"2472\" data-end=\"2495\">Cemetery coordination<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2497\" data-end=\"2802\">Vietnam's technical regulations specifically identify funeral-home functional areas such as <strong data-start=\"2589\" data-end=\"2763\">administrative offices, funeral ceremony areas, waiting areas, cold rooms, coffin areas, body-preparation rooms, parking, water supply, drainage, lighting and landscaping<\/strong>. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"2728\" data-content-reference-end=\"2747\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2804\" data-end=\"2863\">Examples of funeral facilities identified in Hanoi include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2865\" data-end=\"3024\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1etlrsl\" data-start=\"2865\" data-end=\"2904\"><span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"2812\" data-content-reference-end=\"2859\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><span><span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">City Funeral Home<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1fetjdh\" data-start=\"2905\" data-end=\"2944\"><span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"2862\" data-content-reference-end=\"2915\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><span><span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Thanh Nhan Funeral Home<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"16uh11\" data-start=\"2945\" data-end=\"2984\"><span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"2918\" data-content-reference-end=\"2969\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><span><span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Cau Giay Funeral Home<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"btvcid\" data-start=\"2985\" data-end=\"3024\"><span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"2972\" data-content-reference-end=\"3037\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><span><span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Funeral Home No. 5 Tran Thanh Tong<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"3026\" data-end=\"3029\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"y2d361\" data-start=\"3031\" data-end=\"3053\">2. Public Cemeteries<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"3055\" data-end=\"3086\"><strong data-start=\"3055\" data-end=\"3070\">Ngh\u0129a trang<\/strong> means cemetery.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3088\" data-end=\"3119\">Vietnam has a large network of:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3121\" data-end=\"3379\">\n<li data-section-id=\"16qlmya\" data-start=\"3121\" data-end=\"3143\">Municipal cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"7mncbg\" data-start=\"3144\" data-end=\"3165\">District cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"pjo06g\" data-start=\"3166\" data-end=\"3186\">Commune cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"12srzhi\" data-start=\"3187\" data-end=\"3207\">Village cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1j0k1bg\" data-start=\"3208\" data-end=\"3227\">Family cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1o2qpqn\" data-start=\"3228\" data-end=\"3250\">Religious cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"n43nvb\" data-start=\"3251\" data-end=\"3271\">Private cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1n6x4j3\" data-start=\"3272\" data-end=\"3288\">Memorial parks<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"mgdxh\" data-start=\"3289\" data-end=\"3310\">Military cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"72f7in\" data-start=\"3311\" data-end=\"3332\">Martyrs' cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1myqq6c\" data-start=\"3333\" data-end=\"3354\">National cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"5q5zdz\" data-start=\"3355\" data-end=\"3379\">Foreigners' cemeteries<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3381\" data-end=\"3645\">Vietnamese regulations classify public cemeteries according to administrative level and scale. The regulatory framework also recognizes cemeteries managed by organizations or individuals, family cemeteries and clan cemeteries. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"3621\" data-content-reference-end=\"3653\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3647\" data-end=\"3673\">Examples in Hanoi include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3675\" data-end=\"3796\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1j40yc5\" data-start=\"3675\" data-end=\"3714\"><span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"3685\" data-content-reference-end=\"3733\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><span><span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Van Dien Cemetery<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4w1vzp\" data-start=\"3715\" data-end=\"3754\"><span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"3736\" data-content-reference-end=\"3783\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><span><span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Cemetery Ha Dong<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"yuzy45\" data-start=\"3755\" data-end=\"3796\"><span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"3786\" data-content-reference-end=\"3833\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><span><span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Quan Den Cemetery<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"3798\" data-end=\"3801\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"b9djcs\" data-start=\"3803\" data-end=\"3822\">3. Memorial Parks<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"3824\" data-end=\"3942\">A Vietnamese <strong data-start=\"3837\" data-end=\"3861\">Hoa Vien Nghia Trang<\/strong> is essentially a landscaped <strong data-start=\"3890\" data-end=\"3941\">Memorial Park \/ Cemetery Park \/ Garden Cemetery<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3944\" data-end=\"4033\">This is one of the most important modern segments of Vietnam's private cemetery industry.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4035\" data-end=\"4070\">A modern memorial park may include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4072\" data-end=\"4421\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1lbpeil\" data-start=\"4072\" data-end=\"4086\">Burial plots<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1g1a6nf\" data-start=\"4087\" data-end=\"4108\">Family burial plots<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1rujxdz\" data-start=\"4109\" data-end=\"4125\">Premium graves<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1kuufux\" data-start=\"4126\" data-end=\"4141\">Double graves<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"cb58a7\" data-start=\"4142\" data-end=\"4154\">Mausoleums<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"617uof\" data-start=\"4155\" data-end=\"4177\">Cremation facilities<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1qg0usj\" data-start=\"4178\" data-end=\"4192\">Columbariums<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1c1cmxv\" data-start=\"4193\" data-end=\"4216\">Ash-storage buildings<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1nnudse\" data-start=\"4217\" data-end=\"4233\">Memorial halls<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ihmgoq\" data-start=\"4234\" data-end=\"4255\">Buddhist facilities<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"104ucew\" data-start=\"4256\" data-end=\"4277\">Religious buildings<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"lxqhfk\" data-start=\"4278\" data-end=\"4287\">Gardens<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"16r4myg\" data-start=\"4288\" data-end=\"4295\">Lakes<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8eca0e\" data-start=\"4296\" data-end=\"4309\">Landscaping<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"xw6sf4\" data-start=\"4310\" data-end=\"4319\">Parking<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"j49icc\" data-start=\"4320\" data-end=\"4349\">Cemetery management offices<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"gpb5fg\" data-start=\"4350\" data-end=\"4378\">Grave maintenance services<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1fzwutk\" data-start=\"4379\" data-end=\"4400\">Memorial sculptures<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"u8y27l\" data-start=\"4401\" data-end=\"4421\">Tombstone services<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"4423\" data-end=\"4707\">A major example is <strong data-start=\"4442\" data-end=\"4470\">Binh Duong Memorial Park<\/strong>, operated by Chanh Phu Hoa Investment Construction JSC. Its planned area reaches approximately 300 hectares, and the park combines landscaped areas, spiritual architecture and cemetery facilities. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"4705\" data-content-reference-end=\"4724\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"4709\" data-end=\"4712\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"1rmn9oy\" data-start=\"4714\" data-end=\"4743\">4. Binh Duong Memorial Park<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"4745\" data-end=\"4851\"><strong data-start=\"4745\" data-end=\"4780\">Hoa Vien Nghia Trang Binh Duong<\/strong> is one of the best-known modern memorial-park developments in Vietnam.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4853\" data-end=\"4937\">The park was established in 2006 and developed as a large-scale landscaped cemetery.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4939\" data-end=\"4960\">Its concept combines:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4962\" data-end=\"5117\">\n<li data-section-id=\"u5sy1o\" data-start=\"4962\" data-end=\"4972\">Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1aztrks\" data-start=\"4973\" data-end=\"4988\">Memorial park<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1lbpeil\" data-start=\"4989\" data-end=\"5003\">Burial plots<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"12vnnoq\" data-start=\"5004\" data-end=\"5019\">Family graves<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8eca0e\" data-start=\"5020\" data-end=\"5033\">Landscaping<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"34pc3l\" data-start=\"5034\" data-end=\"5057\">Memorial architecture<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"12gnsuu\" data-start=\"5058\" data-end=\"5080\">Spiritual facilities<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1rfxe5u\" data-start=\"5081\" data-end=\"5100\">Grave maintenance<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1nmng5s\" data-start=\"5101\" data-end=\"5117\">Memorial areas<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"5119\" data-end=\"5292\">It represents the transition in Vietnam from traditional cemetery land toward <strong data-start=\"5197\" data-end=\"5251\">professionally planned garden-style memorial parks<\/strong>. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"5270\" data-content-reference-end=\"5289\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5294\" data-end=\"5374\">This type of project is particularly relevant to manufacturers and suppliers of:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5376\" data-end=\"5593\">\n<li data-section-id=\"69tqqy\" data-start=\"5376\" data-end=\"5396\">Columbarium niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1hmca84\" data-start=\"5397\" data-end=\"5411\">Urn cabinets<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hke9i0\" data-start=\"5412\" data-end=\"5428\">Cemetery gates<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ctyeo9\" data-start=\"5429\" data-end=\"5448\">Tombstone systems<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1n7g9zl\" data-start=\"5449\" data-end=\"5465\">Memorial walls<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1puhs9u\" data-start=\"5466\" data-end=\"5497\">Cemetery landscaping products<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"i82jsa\" data-start=\"5498\" data-end=\"5533\">Stainless-steel cemetery products<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1d77cl4\" data-start=\"5534\" data-end=\"5564\">Aluminum memorial structures<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ynvvbu\" data-start=\"5565\" data-end=\"5593\">Stone and granite products<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"5595\" data-end=\"5598\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"m7gnc\" data-start=\"5600\" data-end=\"5634\">5. Nirvana Memorial Park Vietnam<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"5636\" data-end=\"5757\"><strong data-start=\"5636\" data-end=\"5687\">Nirvana Memorial Park Company Limited (Vietnam)<\/strong> was established in 2021 and is part of Malaysia's Nirvana Asia Group.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5759\" data-end=\"5866\">Its Vietnamese operation is associated with <strong data-start=\"5803\" data-end=\"5865\">Nhat An Vien Memorial Park \/ Nirvana Memorial Park Vietnam<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5868\" data-end=\"5887\">The company offers:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5889\" data-end=\"6139\">\n<li data-section-id=\"n8zsz2\" data-start=\"5889\" data-end=\"5902\">Burial land<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"pgim50\" data-start=\"5903\" data-end=\"5923\">Royal burial plots<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1g1a6nf\" data-start=\"5924\" data-end=\"5945\">Family burial plots<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1t9xi6g\" data-start=\"5946\" data-end=\"5967\">Double burial plots<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ublyqv\" data-start=\"5968\" data-end=\"5989\">Single burial plots<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"qc4q2b\" data-start=\"5990\" data-end=\"6014\">Columbarium facilities<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1fhcehq\" data-start=\"6015\" data-end=\"6031\">Premium suites<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1cwc9ei\" data-start=\"6032\" data-end=\"6047\">Modern suites<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1afz7c1\" data-start=\"6048\" data-end=\"6064\">Classic suites<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ah38ou\" data-start=\"6065\" data-end=\"6082\">Standard suites<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"tgz9jw\" data-start=\"6083\" data-end=\"6103\">Mansionette suites<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"nkv5d1\" data-start=\"6104\" data-end=\"6115\">Pedestals<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1d348j5\" data-start=\"6116\" data-end=\"6139\">Pre-planning services<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"6141\" data-end=\"6307\">This makes it particularly relevant when researching the <strong data-start=\"6198\" data-end=\"6266\">premium private memorial-park and columbarium segment in Vietnam<\/strong>. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"6265\" data-content-reference-end=\"6297\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"6309\" data-end=\"6312\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"m68g12\" data-start=\"6314\" data-end=\"6342\">6. Crematoriums in Vietnam<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"6344\" data-end=\"6394\"><strong data-start=\"6344\" data-end=\"6394\">Crematorium = Crematorium \/ Cremation Facility<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6396\" data-end=\"6445\">Vietnam uses the term <strong data-start=\"6418\" data-end=\"6430\">H\u1ecfa t\u00e1ng<\/strong> for cremation.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6447\" data-end=\"6472\">Crematoriums can provide:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"6474\" data-end=\"6653\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1d6n6r7\" data-start=\"6474\" data-end=\"6491\">Human cremation<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"euw0d\" data-start=\"6492\" data-end=\"6512\">Cremation chambers<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"kur5hj\" data-start=\"6513\" data-end=\"6537\">Funeral ceremony rooms<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"19lmhhg\" data-start=\"6538\" data-end=\"6554\">Ash collection<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1sq8rh5\" data-start=\"6555\" data-end=\"6571\">Ash processing<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"152uv9r\" data-start=\"6572\" data-end=\"6586\">Urn services<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1v0th6w\" data-start=\"6587\" data-end=\"6609\">Ash-storage services<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1c23vyx\" data-start=\"6610\" data-end=\"6633\">Columbarium placement<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"txrvay\" data-start=\"6634\" data-end=\"6653\">Memorial services<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"6655\" data-end=\"6800\">Vietnamese regulations explicitly recognize cremation as one of the principal forms of final disposition. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"6751\" data-content-reference-end=\"6783\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6802\" data-end=\"6843\">Examples of cremation facilities include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"6845\" data-end=\"7022\">\n<li data-section-id=\"2b1zgb\" data-start=\"6845\" data-end=\"6881\">Van Dien Cremation Facility, Hanoi<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"aae5b6\" data-start=\"6882\" data-end=\"6915\">Long Tho Tower Park Crematorium<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1vwn11i\" data-start=\"6916\" data-end=\"6954\">Binh Duong Memorial Park Crematorium<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"yzsdck\" data-start=\"6955\" data-end=\"6981\">Hoa Lac Vien Crematorium<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"66ddmq\" data-start=\"6982\" data-end=\"7022\">Various municipal cremation facilities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"7024\" data-end=\"7137\">Van Dien is one of the major cemetery\/cremation facilities serving Hanoi. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"7081\" data-content-reference-end=\"7100\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"7139\" data-end=\"7142\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"dim2ez\" data-start=\"7144\" data-end=\"7188\">7. Van Dien Cemetery and Cremation Complex<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"7190\" data-end=\"7280\"><strong data-start=\"7190\" data-end=\"7211\">Van Dien Cemetery<\/strong> is an important funeral and cemetery facility associated with Hanoi.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7282\" data-end=\"7320\">It provides infrastructure related to:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"7322\" data-end=\"7397\">\n<li data-section-id=\"11godua\" data-start=\"7322\" data-end=\"7341\">Cemetery services<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"199fvjg\" data-start=\"7342\" data-end=\"7353\">Cremation<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1w1pfmx\" data-start=\"7354\" data-end=\"7362\">Burial<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1l5rj5p\" data-start=\"7363\" data-end=\"7377\">Ash handling<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"txrvay\" data-start=\"7378\" data-end=\"7397\">Memorial services<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"7399\" data-end=\"7541\">The facility is represented in current business listings as a cemetery and cremation-service location. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"7465\" data-content-reference-end=\"7513\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><span><span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Van Dien Cemetery<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7543\" data-end=\"7630\">It is an important keyword target when researching the northern Vietnam funeral market.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"7632\" data-end=\"7635\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"13hq0pc\" data-start=\"7637\" data-end=\"7665\">8. Columbariums in Vietnam<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"7667\" data-end=\"7725\">A <strong data-start=\"7669\" data-end=\"7684\">Columbarium<\/strong> is generally described in Vietnamese as:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7727\" data-end=\"7750\"><strong data-start=\"7727\" data-end=\"7750\">Nh\u00e0 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef tro c\u1ed1t<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7752\" data-end=\"7826\">Literally, this means a building or facility for storing cremated remains.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7828\" data-end=\"7864\">Vietnamese columbariums can contain:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"7866\" data-end=\"8115\">\n<li data-section-id=\"4pqmox\" data-start=\"7866\" data-end=\"7885\">Single urn niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"13cp9fy\" data-start=\"7886\" data-end=\"7905\">Double urn niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"yn9ax0\" data-start=\"7906\" data-end=\"7921\">Family niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1whb8mh\" data-start=\"7922\" data-end=\"7938\">Premium niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"p6n1tv\" data-start=\"7939\" data-end=\"7954\">Indoor niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ordnpm\" data-start=\"7955\" data-end=\"7971\">Outdoor niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"14w8578\" data-start=\"7972\" data-end=\"7992\">Glass-front niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ochfsh\" data-start=\"7993\" data-end=\"8007\">Stone niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"uo81sg\" data-start=\"8008\" data-end=\"8024\">Granite niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"jnsdev\" data-start=\"8025\" data-end=\"8040\">Marble niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1rja5yb\" data-start=\"8041\" data-end=\"8055\">Metal niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1gk61h1\" data-start=\"8056\" data-end=\"8078\">Memorial-wall niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"pm1nhf\" data-start=\"8079\" data-end=\"8096\">Buddhist niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1v2kd0n\" data-start=\"8097\" data-end=\"8115\">Religious niches<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"8117\" data-end=\"8237\">This is an increasingly important product segment because cremation creates demand for permanent ash-storage facilities.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"8239\" data-end=\"8434\">Vietnamese regulations specifically recognize <strong data-start=\"8285\" data-end=\"8343\">facilities for storing bone remains and cremated ashes<\/strong> in cemeteries using cremation or reburial systems. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"8367\" data-content-reference-end=\"8386\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"8436\" data-end=\"8439\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"1673xdw\" data-start=\"8441\" data-end=\"8470\">9. Columbarium Niche Market<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"8472\" data-end=\"8568\">For manufacturers of <strong data-start=\"8493\" data-end=\"8524\">aluminum columbarium niches<\/strong>, the Vietnamese market can be divided into:<\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"a7s2cf\" data-start=\"8570\" data-end=\"8601\">Standard Columbarium Niches<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"8603\" data-end=\"8673\">\n<li data-section-id=\"2amqxe\" data-start=\"8603\" data-end=\"8621\">Single urn niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"vbrkrh\" data-start=\"8622\" data-end=\"8640\">Double urn niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8dpit6\" data-start=\"8641\" data-end=\"8657\">Standard niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1lk5xr1\" data-start=\"8658\" data-end=\"8673\">Economy niche<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1x3xym7\" data-start=\"8675\" data-end=\"8705\">Premium Columbarium Niches<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"8707\" data-end=\"8790\">\n<li data-section-id=\"mv0j1o\" data-start=\"8707\" data-end=\"8729\">Premium family niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1flrcru\" data-start=\"8730\" data-end=\"8750\">Large family niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1115pha\" data-start=\"8751\" data-end=\"8765\">Luxury niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1vh944n\" data-start=\"8766\" data-end=\"8790\">Private memorial suite<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1xs9n0h\" data-start=\"8792\" data-end=\"8816\">Architectural Niches<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"8818\" data-end=\"8930\">\n<li data-section-id=\"9ukdhj\" data-start=\"8818\" data-end=\"8837\">Glass-front niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"x7s9oj\" data-start=\"8838\" data-end=\"8853\">Granite niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"97efx0\" data-start=\"8854\" data-end=\"8868\">Marble niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ts6ez3\" data-start=\"8869\" data-end=\"8892\">Stainless-steel niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1pribsb\" data-start=\"8893\" data-end=\"8909\">Aluminum niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"nm6q9v\" data-start=\"8910\" data-end=\"8930\">Custom metal niche<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"13aeasp\" data-start=\"8932\" data-end=\"8952\">Religious Niches<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"8954\" data-end=\"9040\">\n<li data-section-id=\"qlsspc\" data-start=\"8954\" data-end=\"8970\">Buddhist niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ipm1rp\" data-start=\"8971\" data-end=\"8985\">Taoist niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1owrwba\" data-start=\"8986\" data-end=\"9002\">Catholic niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"wd70w\" data-start=\"9003\" data-end=\"9020\">Christian niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"rekvhz\" data-start=\"9021\" data-end=\"9040\">Multi-faith niche<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"14cifjc\" data-start=\"9042\" data-end=\"9061\">Outdoor Systems<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"9063\" data-end=\"9160\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1jy1o66\" data-start=\"9063\" data-end=\"9089\">Outdoor columbarium wall<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1azucgy\" data-start=\"9090\" data-end=\"9105\">Memorial wall<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"fybq62\" data-start=\"9106\" data-end=\"9118\">Urn garden<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1vsrx5b\" data-start=\"9119\" data-end=\"9140\">Outdoor urn cabinet<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"fvpml9\" data-start=\"9141\" data-end=\"9160\">Ash-storage tower<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"9162\" data-end=\"9165\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"1sayztg\" data-start=\"9167\" data-end=\"9200\">10. Mausoleums and Family Tombs<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"9202\" data-end=\"9284\">Vietnam has a strong tradition of <strong data-start=\"9236\" data-end=\"9283\">family tombs and ancestral burial complexes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"9286\" data-end=\"9322\">Useful English terminology includes:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"9324\" data-end=\"9497\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1x91wpo\" data-start=\"9324\" data-end=\"9335\">Mausoleum<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"6b2nhm\" data-start=\"9336\" data-end=\"9354\">Family Mausoleum<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"o0e7d6\" data-start=\"9355\" data-end=\"9368\">Family Tomb<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"10ic8q5\" data-start=\"9369\" data-end=\"9385\">Ancestral Tomb<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"vnh31p\" data-start=\"9386\" data-end=\"9407\">Ancestral Mausoleum<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"14l00gs\" data-start=\"9408\" data-end=\"9422\">Tomb Complex<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1pazsov\" data-start=\"9423\" data-end=\"9446\">Family Burial Complex<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"wzhz7g\" data-start=\"9447\" data-end=\"9458\">Clan Tomb<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8uqg11\" data-start=\"9459\" data-end=\"9479\">Ancestral Memorial<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1x9q3ca\" data-start=\"9480\" data-end=\"9497\">Family Cemetery<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"9499\" data-end=\"9531\">Vietnamese terminology includes:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"9533\" data-end=\"9707\">\n<li data-section-id=\"14ha44h\" data-start=\"9533\" data-end=\"9565\"><strong data-start=\"9535\" data-end=\"9546\">L\u0103ng m\u1ed9<\/strong> \u2014 Mausoleum \/ Tomb<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1yukya4\" data-start=\"9566\" data-end=\"9603\"><strong data-start=\"9568\" data-end=\"9583\">Khu l\u0103ng m\u1ed9<\/strong> \u2014 Mausoleum Complex<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"g3qbry\" data-start=\"9604\" data-end=\"9635\"><strong data-start=\"9606\" data-end=\"9621\">M\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/strong> \u2014 Family Tomb<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"z4evxo\" data-start=\"9636\" data-end=\"9664\"><strong data-start=\"9638\" data-end=\"9647\">M\u1ed9 t\u1ed5<\/strong> \u2014 Ancestral Tomb<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"t4spd6\" data-start=\"9665\" data-end=\"9707\"><strong data-start=\"9667\" data-end=\"9686\">Khu m\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/strong> \u2014 Family Burial Area<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"9709\" data-end=\"9750\">These facilities can be constructed from:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"9752\" data-end=\"9853\">\n<li data-section-id=\"wkgpgq\" data-start=\"9752\" data-end=\"9761\">Granite<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1tkxpvh\" data-start=\"9762\" data-end=\"9770\">Marble<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"a8jf16\" data-start=\"9771\" data-end=\"9786\">Natural stone<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"xb3dpi\" data-start=\"9787\" data-end=\"9808\">Reinforced concrete<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"16ybspl\" data-start=\"9809\" data-end=\"9816\">Brick<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"18g4t1n\" data-start=\"9817\" data-end=\"9834\">Stainless steel<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1d6lmxx\" data-start=\"9835\" data-end=\"9853\">Metal components<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"9855\" data-end=\"9966\">A family mausoleum can contain multiple graves, memorial structures, ancestral altars and decorative stonework.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"9968\" data-end=\"9971\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"16dq6zw\" data-start=\"9973\" data-end=\"9996\">11. Family Cemeteries<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"9998\" data-end=\"10048\">Vietnamese family and clan cemeteries may contain:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"10050\" data-end=\"10255\">\n<li data-section-id=\"eiv2ic\" data-start=\"10050\" data-end=\"10067\">Parents' graves<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1bpxsui\" data-start=\"10068\" data-end=\"10090\">Grandparents' graves<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ajhekt\" data-start=\"10091\" data-end=\"10109\">Ancestral graves<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"74em6m\" data-start=\"10110\" data-end=\"10134\">Family members' graves<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"c4s7v8\" data-start=\"10135\" data-end=\"10149\">Family altar<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ew2vt1\" data-start=\"10150\" data-end=\"10170\">Ancestral memorial<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"52by3z\" data-start=\"10171\" data-end=\"10184\">Stone gates<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"897yc5\" data-start=\"10185\" data-end=\"10201\">Boundary walls<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8eca0e\" data-start=\"10202\" data-end=\"10215\">Landscaping<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"z4qxhx\" data-start=\"10216\" data-end=\"10231\">Incense areas<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1k43lt3\" data-start=\"10232\" data-end=\"10255\">Memorial inscriptions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"10257\" data-end=\"10333\">These are particularly important in rural areas and traditional communities.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"10335\" data-end=\"10338\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"f2sjyp\" data-start=\"10340\" data-end=\"10364\">12. Traditional Burial<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"10366\" data-end=\"10443\">Traditional burial remains an important form of final disposition in Vietnam.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10445\" data-end=\"10475\">The basic process can include:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10477\" data-end=\"10566\"><strong data-start=\"10477\" data-end=\"10566\">Funeral \u2192 Coffin \u2192 Funeral Ceremony \u2192 Burial \u2192 Grave Construction \u2192 Grave Maintenance<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10568\" data-end=\"10817\">Vietnamese regulations define burial as keeping the remains of the deceased at an underground location. They also recognize <strong data-start=\"10692\" data-end=\"10711\">one-time burial<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"10716\" data-end=\"10757\">temporary burial followed by reburial<\/strong> as different forms. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"10730\" data-content-reference-end=\"10762\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"10819\" data-end=\"10822\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"1sqko07\" data-start=\"10824\" data-end=\"10853\">13. Reburial and Exhumation<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"10855\" data-end=\"10918\">One particularly important Vietnamese practice is <strong data-start=\"10905\" data-end=\"10917\">C\u1ea3i t\u00e1ng<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10920\" data-end=\"10949\">English terminology includes:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"10951\" data-end=\"11066\">\n<li data-section-id=\"pbfla6\" data-start=\"10951\" data-end=\"10961\">Reburial<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1tlexv6\" data-start=\"10962\" data-end=\"10990\">Exhumation and Reinterment<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"19d278k\" data-start=\"10991\" data-end=\"11014\">Relocation of Remains<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"aw3e4z\" data-start=\"11015\" data-end=\"11033\">Secondary Burial<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"btbs21\" data-start=\"11034\" data-end=\"11047\">Reinterment<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"16pbio5\" data-start=\"11048\" data-end=\"11066\">Grave Relocation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"11068\" data-end=\"11334\">Vietnamese regulations describe <strong data-start=\"11100\" data-end=\"11112\">C\u1ea3i t\u00e1ng<\/strong> as transferring bones from a temporary burial grave to another form of final disposition. <strong data-start=\"11203\" data-end=\"11215\">C\u00e1t t\u00e1ng<\/strong> refers to burial of the cleaned remains after the reburial\/exhumation process. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"11240\" data-content-reference-end=\"11259\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"11336\" data-end=\"11360\">This creates demand for:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"11362\" data-end=\"11517\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1slufdk\" data-start=\"11362\" data-end=\"11387\">Bone-remains containers<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1cwf3cd\" data-start=\"11388\" data-end=\"11400\">Small urns<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1g363gu\" data-start=\"11401\" data-end=\"11418\">Memorial niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1s0vsyv\" data-start=\"11419\" data-end=\"11443\">Secondary burial plots<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"qyzumj\" data-start=\"11444\" data-end=\"11471\">Grave relocation services<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1y1g801\" data-start=\"11472\" data-end=\"11495\">Cemetery construction<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"vwgukh\" data-start=\"11496\" data-end=\"11517\">Cemetery renovation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"11519\" data-end=\"11522\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"1wec63u\" data-start=\"11524\" data-end=\"11549\">14. Martyrs' Cemeteries<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"11551\" data-end=\"11596\">Vietnam has a very important category called:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"11598\" data-end=\"11641\"><strong data-start=\"11598\" data-end=\"11641\">Ngh\u0129a trang li\u1ec7t s\u0129 \u2014 Martyrs' Cemetery<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"11643\" data-end=\"11729\">These cemeteries commemorate people who died while serving and protecting the country.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"11731\" data-end=\"11754\">They typically include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"11756\" data-end=\"11936\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1ffmkg9\" data-start=\"11756\" data-end=\"11784\">Individual memorial graves<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1hmfrm4\" data-start=\"11785\" data-end=\"11805\">Memorial monuments<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1n7g9zl\" data-start=\"11806\" data-end=\"11822\">Memorial walls<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1dy0qzt\" data-start=\"11823\" data-end=\"11839\">National flags<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"5vruz1\" data-start=\"11840\" data-end=\"11868\">Commemorative inscriptions<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1w2fot1\" data-start=\"11869\" data-end=\"11887\">Ceremonial areas<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"z4qxhx\" data-start=\"11888\" data-end=\"11903\">Incense areas<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8eca0e\" data-start=\"11904\" data-end=\"11917\">Landscaping<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"11h2c4c\" data-start=\"11918\" data-end=\"11936\">Memorial gardens<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"11938\" data-end=\"12072\">Vietnamese law specifically distinguishes martyrs' cemeteries from ordinary public cemeteries. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"11958\" data-content-reference-end=\"11990\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"12074\" data-end=\"12077\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"i0594w\" data-start=\"12079\" data-end=\"12104\">15. National Cemeteries<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"12106\" data-end=\"12159\"><strong data-start=\"12106\" data-end=\"12130\">Ngh\u0129a trang qu\u1ed1c gia<\/strong> means <strong data-start=\"12137\" data-end=\"12158\">National Cemetery<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"12161\" data-end=\"12307\">National cemeteries are distinct from ordinary municipal cemeteries and are associated with national remembrance and important historical figures.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"12309\" data-end=\"12564\">Vietnamese regulations describe national cemeteries as places for burial and commemoration of senior national leaders, cultural figures, scientists and other people who made significant contributions to the country. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"12443\" data-content-reference-end=\"12475\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"12566\" data-end=\"12569\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"1pycio\" data-start=\"12571\" data-end=\"12599\">16. Foreigners' Cemeteries<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"12601\" data-end=\"12639\">Vietnamese regulations also recognize:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"12641\" data-end=\"12699\"><strong data-start=\"12641\" data-end=\"12699\">Ngh\u0129a trang ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u2014 Cemetery for Foreigners<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"12701\" data-end=\"12759\">These can be classified according to administrative level.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"12761\" data-end=\"12791\">This category is relevant for:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"12793\" data-end=\"12918\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1kfqb03\" data-start=\"12793\" data-end=\"12812\">Foreign residents<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"mxfggr\" data-start=\"12813\" data-end=\"12832\">Foreign nationals<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"dvtxlz\" data-start=\"12833\" data-end=\"12860\">International communities<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1bncxld\" data-start=\"12861\" data-end=\"12885\">Diplomatic communities<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"31bdgy\" data-start=\"12886\" data-end=\"12918\">Historical foreign populations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"12920\" data-end=\"13064\">Vietnam's regulatory framework specifically identifies cemeteries for foreigners as a separate category. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"12936\" data-content-reference-end=\"12955\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"13066\" data-end=\"13069\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"1uw8xu1\" data-start=\"13071\" data-end=\"13097\">17. Religious Cemeteries<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"13099\" data-end=\"13157\">Vietnam has funeral and burial facilities associated with:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"13159\" data-end=\"13299\">\n<li data-section-id=\"u62h9c\" data-start=\"13159\" data-end=\"13169\">Buddhism<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1e4atl4\" data-start=\"13170\" data-end=\"13183\">Catholicism<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1wmeygt\" data-start=\"13184\" data-end=\"13209\">Protestant Christianity<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"73937t\" data-start=\"13210\" data-end=\"13219\">Cao Dai<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"100kjds\" data-start=\"13220\" data-end=\"13238\">Hoa Hao Buddhism<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"120q418\" data-start=\"13239\" data-end=\"13268\">Other religious communities<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"16xt18o\" data-start=\"13269\" data-end=\"13299\">Traditional ancestor worship<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"13301\" data-end=\"13324\">Facilities can include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"13326\" data-end=\"13494\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1o2qpqn\" data-start=\"13326\" data-end=\"13348\">Religious cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ng2mg7\" data-start=\"13349\" data-end=\"13383\">Temple-associated burial grounds<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"63hljx\" data-start=\"13384\" data-end=\"13403\">Church cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1nnudse\" data-start=\"13404\" data-end=\"13420\">Memorial halls<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1qg0usj\" data-start=\"13421\" data-end=\"13435\">Columbariums<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"7lei5h\" data-start=\"13436\" data-end=\"13460\">Ash-storage facilities<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1bk48jj\" data-start=\"13461\" data-end=\"13475\">Prayer halls<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"11h2c4c\" data-start=\"13476\" data-end=\"13494\">Memorial gardens<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"13496\" data-end=\"13681\">Vietnamese regulations require burial practices to respect religious beliefs, customs, cultural traditions and modern environmental requirements. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"13533\" data-content-reference-end=\"13552\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"13683\" data-end=\"13686\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"1nj99w\" data-start=\"13688\" data-end=\"13721\">18. Buddhist Funeral Facilities<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"13723\" data-end=\"13761\">Buddhist funeral services may include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"13763\" data-end=\"13939\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1n158ws\" data-start=\"13763\" data-end=\"13792\">Buddhist funeral ceremonies<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"16w0lj0\" data-start=\"13793\" data-end=\"13800\">Monks<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1bk48jj\" data-start=\"13801\" data-end=\"13815\">Prayer halls<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"vf5vat\" data-start=\"13816\" data-end=\"13831\">Funeral halls<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"199fvjg\" data-start=\"13832\" data-end=\"13843\">Cremation<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1qg0usj\" data-start=\"13844\" data-end=\"13858\">Columbariums<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1t7k09k\" data-start=\"13859\" data-end=\"13872\">Urn storage<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"kla7yl\" data-start=\"13873\" data-end=\"13891\">Memorial tablets<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"gmepzy\" data-start=\"13892\" data-end=\"13917\">Buddhist memorial parks<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1g1a6nf\" data-start=\"13918\" data-end=\"13939\">Family burial plots<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"13941\" data-end=\"14047\">Modern memorial parks frequently integrate Buddhist architecture with cemetery and columbarium facilities.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"14049\" data-end=\"14052\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"ir6ld5\" data-start=\"14054\" data-end=\"14101\">19. Catholic and Christian Funeral Facilities<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"14103\" data-end=\"14144\">Christian funeral facilities may include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"14146\" data-end=\"14320\">\n<li data-section-id=\"bb63pp\" data-start=\"14146\" data-end=\"14167\">Catholic cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"63hljx\" data-start=\"14168\" data-end=\"14187\">Church cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"9stjt8\" data-start=\"14188\" data-end=\"14212\">Christian burial plots<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"vf5vat\" data-start=\"14213\" data-end=\"14228\">Funeral halls<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"vrzm2u\" data-start=\"14229\" data-end=\"14254\">Church funeral services<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"139ib2u\" data-start=\"14255\" data-end=\"14277\">Graveside ceremonies<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1qg0usj\" data-start=\"14278\" data-end=\"14292\">Columbariums<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"199fvjg\" data-start=\"14293\" data-end=\"14304\">Cremation<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"oplitg\" data-start=\"14305\" data-end=\"14320\">Ash interment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"14322\" data-end=\"14420\">Christian cemetery design can be substantially different from traditional Vietnamese family tombs.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"14422\" data-end=\"14425\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"1v77zxp\" data-start=\"14427\" data-end=\"14452\">20. Cemetery Management<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"14454\" data-end=\"14513\">Cemetery management is a major service category in Vietnam.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"14515\" data-end=\"14548\">Typical responsibilities include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"14550\" data-end=\"14838\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1d44341\" data-start=\"14550\" data-end=\"14569\">Cemetery planning<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"gcv2am\" data-start=\"14570\" data-end=\"14594\">Burial plot allocation<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"xhn3tq\" data-start=\"14595\" data-end=\"14615\">Grave registration<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"x4ema\" data-start=\"14616\" data-end=\"14634\">Cemetery records<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1rfxe5u\" data-start=\"14635\" data-end=\"14654\">Grave maintenance<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8eca0e\" data-start=\"14655\" data-end=\"14668\">Landscaping<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"no6q99\" data-start=\"14669\" data-end=\"14687\">Road maintenance<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"paumu3\" data-start=\"14688\" data-end=\"14698\">Drainage<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"jbv1ji\" data-start=\"14699\" data-end=\"14713\">Water supply<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"63ha4v\" data-start=\"14714\" data-end=\"14732\">Waste management<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ltr4ja\" data-start=\"14733\" data-end=\"14743\">Lighting<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"m26efy\" data-start=\"14744\" data-end=\"14754\">Security<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"18ybxuf\" data-start=\"14755\" data-end=\"14775\">Visitor management<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"wbemc2\" data-start=\"14776\" data-end=\"14794\">Grave renovation<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"qc2azp\" data-start=\"14795\" data-end=\"14813\">Grave relocation<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ne53x1\" data-start=\"14814\" data-end=\"14838\">Ash-storage management<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"14840\" data-end=\"14999\">Vietnam's regulations define cemetery management as implementing the approved cemetery-management rules and procedures. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"14831\" data-content-reference-end=\"14850\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"15001\" data-end=\"15004\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"6kibx4\" data-start=\"15006\" data-end=\"15035\">21. Cemetery Infrastructure<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"15037\" data-end=\"15078\">A modern Vietnamese cemetery can require:<\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"78msml\" data-start=\"15080\" data-end=\"15089\">Roads<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"15091\" data-end=\"15158\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1eopig4\" data-start=\"15091\" data-end=\"15107\">Internal roads<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"km3l0x\" data-start=\"15108\" data-end=\"15126\">Pedestrian paths<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"qyo8da\" data-start=\"15127\" data-end=\"15142\">Service roads<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"xlbjr8\" data-start=\"15143\" data-end=\"15158\">Parking areas<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"bz5sow\" data-start=\"15160\" data-end=\"15175\">Landscaping<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"15177\" data-end=\"15258\">\n<li data-section-id=\"177pcv1\" data-start=\"15177\" data-end=\"15184\">Trees<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"lxqhfk\" data-start=\"15185\" data-end=\"15194\">Gardens<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"16r4qkv\" data-start=\"15195\" data-end=\"15202\">Lawns<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"troq56\" data-start=\"15203\" data-end=\"15219\">Water features<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"11h2c4c\" data-start=\"15220\" data-end=\"15238\">Memorial gardens<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"q77w30\" data-start=\"15239\" data-end=\"15258\">Decorative plants<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1n5zeqr\" data-start=\"15260\" data-end=\"15273\">Buildings<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"15275\" data-end=\"15438\">\n<li data-section-id=\"rceys0\" data-start=\"15275\" data-end=\"15300\">Administration building<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"11jkt8m\" data-start=\"15301\" data-end=\"15315\">Funeral hall<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"9n1j0\" data-start=\"15316\" data-end=\"15330\">Waiting room<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1b0c87x\" data-start=\"15331\" data-end=\"15346\">Memorial hall<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"i5iv53\" data-start=\"15347\" data-end=\"15366\">Cold-storage room<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1u2ix7s\" data-start=\"15367\" data-end=\"15380\">Crematorium<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1q5sk28\" data-start=\"15381\" data-end=\"15394\">Columbarium<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"iob6mo\" data-start=\"15395\" data-end=\"15417\">Ash-storage building<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1pd39or\" data-start=\"15418\" data-end=\"15438\">Religious building<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"13tarr7\" data-start=\"15440\" data-end=\"15461\">Technical Systems<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"15463\" data-end=\"15576\">\n<li data-section-id=\"jbv1ji\" data-start=\"15463\" data-end=\"15477\">Water supply<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"paumu3\" data-start=\"15478\" data-end=\"15488\">Drainage<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"a50kdp\" data-start=\"15489\" data-end=\"15511\">Wastewater treatment<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"kyf3sq\" data-start=\"15512\" data-end=\"15536\">Solid-waste collection<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ltr4ja\" data-start=\"15537\" data-end=\"15547\">Lighting<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"m26efy\" data-start=\"15548\" data-end=\"15558\">Security<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1925evn\" data-start=\"15559\" data-end=\"15576\">Fire protection<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"15578\" data-end=\"15813\">Vietnamese technical standards specifically identify roads, parking, drainage, clean water, solid-waste collection and treatment, lighting, greenery and water features as cemetery infrastructure. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"15625\" data-content-reference-end=\"15644\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"15815\" data-end=\"15818\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"2qkrad\" data-start=\"15820\" data-end=\"15857\">22. Tombstone and Monument Industry<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"15859\" data-end=\"15900\">The cemetery industry creates demand for:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"15902\" data-end=\"16133\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1256364\" data-start=\"15902\" data-end=\"15914\">Tombstones<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ef11n4\" data-start=\"15915\" data-end=\"15927\">Headstones<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"crdkqm\" data-start=\"15928\" data-end=\"15943\">Grave markers<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"127ixbv\" data-start=\"15944\" data-end=\"15962\">Memorial plaques<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"2ughzi\" data-start=\"15963\" data-end=\"15983\">Granite tombstones<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"w4m5mh\" data-start=\"15984\" data-end=\"16003\">Marble tombstones<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"bm1ord\" data-start=\"16004\" data-end=\"16018\">Family tombs<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"cb58a7\" data-start=\"16019\" data-end=\"16031\">Mausoleums<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1n7g9zl\" data-start=\"16032\" data-end=\"16048\">Memorial walls<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ph99ov\" data-start=\"16049\" data-end=\"16067\">Engraved plaques<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hke9i0\" data-start=\"16068\" data-end=\"16084\">Cemetery gates<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"tacq8j\" data-start=\"16085\" data-end=\"16099\">Stone fences<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"q8f6z6\" data-start=\"16100\" data-end=\"16114\">Stone altars<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"6qexl1\" data-start=\"16115\" data-end=\"16133\">Memorial statues<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"16135\" data-end=\"16234\">Vietnam has a significant stone-processing industry supporting cemetery and mausoleum construction.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"16236\" data-end=\"16239\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"7qaj1y\" data-start=\"16241\" data-end=\"16270\">23. Urns and Ash Containers<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"16272\" data-end=\"16304\">The cremation industry requires:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"16306\" data-end=\"16465\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1i1uk8m\" data-start=\"16306\" data-end=\"16322\">Cremation urns<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"zuqoco\" data-start=\"16323\" data-end=\"16333\">Ash urns<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"slffmq\" data-start=\"16334\" data-end=\"16351\">Decorative urns<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1tdeirn\" data-start=\"16352\" data-end=\"16367\">Buddhist urns<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1372zwg\" data-start=\"16368\" data-end=\"16382\">Ceramic urns<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1k2vhfn\" data-start=\"16383\" data-end=\"16395\">Metal urns<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"12wrndd\" data-start=\"16396\" data-end=\"16408\">Stone urns<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"v5od68\" data-start=\"16409\" data-end=\"16423\">Granite urns<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"o1750k\" data-start=\"16424\" data-end=\"16437\">Family urns<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"41zjip\" data-start=\"16438\" data-end=\"16449\">Mini urns<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"10ajn1x\" data-start=\"16450\" data-end=\"16465\">Keepsake urns<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"16467\" data-end=\"16502\">Urns may subsequently be placed in:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"16504\" data-end=\"16571\"><strong data-start=\"16504\" data-end=\"16571\">Columbarium \u2192 Memorial Wall \u2192 Temple \u2192 Urn Garden \u2192 Burial Plot<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"16573\" data-end=\"16576\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"15r6hpe\" data-start=\"16578\" data-end=\"16620\">24. Pet Funeral and Pet Cremation Market<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"16622\" data-end=\"16694\">Vietnam also has an emerging <strong data-start=\"16651\" data-end=\"16684\">pet funeral and pet cremation<\/strong> industry.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"16696\" data-end=\"16713\">Services include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"16715\" data-end=\"16848\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1xhkrrh\" data-start=\"16715\" data-end=\"16730\">Pet cremation<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ggc7a8\" data-start=\"16731\" data-end=\"16753\">Pet funeral services<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1fck6cm\" data-start=\"16754\" data-end=\"16769\">Pet memorials<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1qhqs37\" data-start=\"16770\" data-end=\"16780\">Pet urns<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1wuvw3p\" data-start=\"16781\" data-end=\"16801\">Pet ash collection<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"wxylnh\" data-start=\"16802\" data-end=\"16824\">Pet memorial gardens<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"17wj2lv\" data-start=\"16825\" data-end=\"16848\">Pet cemetery services<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"16850\" data-end=\"16999\">For example, Hanoi has dedicated pet cremation providers such as <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"16746\" data-content-reference-end=\"16799\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><span><span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Hanoi Pet Memory Garden<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> and <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"16804\" data-content-reference-end=\"16854\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><span><span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Hanoi Pet Cremation<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"17001\" data-end=\"17102\">This segment is separate from human funeral services but represents a growing memorial-care category.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"17104\" data-end=\"17107\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"fo7tuj\" data-start=\"17109\" data-end=\"17165\">25. Major Vietnamese Funeral and Memorial Market Areas<\/h1>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"xifzno\" data-start=\"17167\" data-end=\"17175\">Hanoi<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"17177\" data-end=\"17242\">Hanoi has an extensive public and private funeral infrastructure.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"17244\" data-end=\"17267\">Key categories include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"17269\" data-end=\"17422\">\n<li data-section-id=\"vfad8z\" data-start=\"17269\" data-end=\"17284\">Funeral homes<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"vf5vat\" data-start=\"17285\" data-end=\"17300\">Funeral halls<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"16qlmya\" data-start=\"17301\" data-end=\"17323\">Municipal cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"617uof\" data-start=\"17324\" data-end=\"17346\">Cremation facilities<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1n6x4j3\" data-start=\"17347\" data-end=\"17363\">Memorial parks<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1j0k1bg\" data-start=\"17364\" data-end=\"17383\">Family cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1o2qpqn\" data-start=\"17384\" data-end=\"17406\">Religious cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1xhkrrh\" data-start=\"17407\" data-end=\"17422\">Pet cremation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"17424\" data-end=\"17441\">Examples include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"17443\" data-end=\"17583\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1agd85j\" data-start=\"17443\" data-end=\"17462\">City Funeral Home<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"18jthte\" data-start=\"17463\" data-end=\"17488\">Thanh Nhan Funeral Home<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1cxwzb5\" data-start=\"17489\" data-end=\"17512\">Cau Giay Funeral Home<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"uu7ejn\" data-start=\"17513\" data-end=\"17532\">Van Dien Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"nfb0k7\" data-start=\"17533\" data-end=\"17551\">Ha Dong Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1iad428\" data-start=\"17552\" data-end=\"17583\">Van Dien cremation facilities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"17585\" data-end=\"17588\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"69ymwc\" data-start=\"17590\" data-end=\"17612\">26. Ho Chi Minh City<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"17614\" data-end=\"17716\">Ho Chi Minh City and its surrounding metropolitan area form another major funeral and cemetery market.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"17718\" data-end=\"17747\">Important categories include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"17749\" data-end=\"17904\">\n<li data-section-id=\"vfad8z\" data-start=\"17749\" data-end=\"17764\">Funeral homes<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ddyswr\" data-start=\"17765\" data-end=\"17779\">Crematoriums<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"16qlmya\" data-start=\"17780\" data-end=\"17802\">Municipal cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"n43nvb\" data-start=\"17803\" data-end=\"17823\">Private cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1n6x4j3\" data-start=\"17824\" data-end=\"17840\">Memorial parks<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"i8lgvt\" data-start=\"17841\" data-end=\"17860\">Family mausoleums<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1qg0usj\" data-start=\"17861\" data-end=\"17875\">Columbariums<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1t7k09k\" data-start=\"17876\" data-end=\"17889\">Urn storage<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1lbpeil\" data-start=\"17890\" data-end=\"17904\">Burial plots<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"17906\" data-end=\"17944\">The southern market also extends into:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"17946\" data-end=\"18021\">\n<li data-section-id=\"7ct32q\" data-start=\"17946\" data-end=\"17958\">Binh Duong<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1f5ur64\" data-start=\"17959\" data-end=\"17969\">Dong Nai<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1vdiz18\" data-start=\"17970\" data-end=\"17978\">Cu Chi<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1jv1gxl\" data-start=\"17979\" data-end=\"17991\">Long Thanh<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1e8fq5v\" data-start=\"17992\" data-end=\"18021\">Other surrounding provinces<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"18023\" data-end=\"18114\">Several large cemetery and cremation facilities are located outside the central urban area.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"18116\" data-end=\"18119\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"1o3coif\" data-start=\"18121\" data-end=\"18137\">27. Binh Duong<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"18139\" data-end=\"18219\">Binh Duong is one of Vietnam's most important markets for modern memorial parks.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"18221\" data-end=\"18233\">Key example:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"18235\" data-end=\"18263\"><strong data-start=\"18235\" data-end=\"18263\">Binh Duong Memorial Park<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"18265\" data-end=\"18302\">Its large-scale development combines:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"18304\" data-end=\"18435\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1l1mkjx\" data-start=\"18304\" data-end=\"18318\">Burial areas<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1q3zgpm\" data-start=\"18319\" data-end=\"18346\">Memorial park landscaping<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1m9s680\" data-start=\"18347\" data-end=\"18371\">Spiritual architecture<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"96m8m3\" data-start=\"18372\" data-end=\"18397\">Cemetery infrastructure<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"12vnnoq\" data-start=\"18398\" data-end=\"18413\">Family graves<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1wm0e3b\" data-start=\"18414\" data-end=\"18435\">Memorial facilities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"18437\" data-end=\"18566\">The project was established in 2006 and has a planned area of approximately 300 hectares. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"18383\" data-content-reference-end=\"18402\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"18568\" data-end=\"18571\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"7zm3ie\" data-start=\"18573\" data-end=\"18587\">28. Dong Nai<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"18589\" data-end=\"18657\">Dong Nai is another important southern cemetery and memorial market.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"18659\" data-end=\"18678\">Facilities include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"18680\" data-end=\"18790\">\n<li data-section-id=\"tak5h6\" data-start=\"18680\" data-end=\"18692\">Cemeteries<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1n6x4j3\" data-start=\"18693\" data-end=\"18709\">Memorial parks<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1lbpeil\" data-start=\"18710\" data-end=\"18724\">Burial plots<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ddyswr\" data-start=\"18725\" data-end=\"18739\">Crematoriums<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"bm1ord\" data-start=\"18740\" data-end=\"18754\">Family tombs<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1t7k09k\" data-start=\"18755\" data-end=\"18768\">Urn storage<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1wm0e3b\" data-start=\"18769\" data-end=\"18790\">Memorial facilities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"18792\" data-end=\"18913\">Hoa Lac Vien Crematorium is located within Sala Cemetery in Long Thanh, Dong Nai. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"18710\" data-content-reference-end=\"18729\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"18915\" data-end=\"18918\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"11hyemv\" data-start=\"18920\" data-end=\"18932\">29. Cu Chi<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"18934\" data-end=\"19054\">Cu Chi, on the outskirts of Ho Chi Minh City, has become relevant for large-scale cemetery and cremation infrastructure.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"19056\" data-end=\"19244\"><strong data-start=\"19056\" data-end=\"19091\">Long Tho Tower Park Crematorium<\/strong> is described as being near the city cemetery in Cu Chi and as a major cremation center serving southern Vietnam. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"19021\" data-content-reference-end=\"19040\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"19246\" data-end=\"19249\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"rm9z0j\" data-start=\"19251\" data-end=\"19264\">30. Con Dao<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"19266\" data-end=\"19367\"><strong data-start=\"19266\" data-end=\"19289\">Hang Duong Cemetery<\/strong> in Con Dao is one of Vietnam's most important historical memorial cemeteries.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"19369\" data-end=\"19408\"><span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"19165\" data-content-reference-end=\"19214\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><span><span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Hang Duong Cemetery<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"text-token-text-primary mb-4 rounded-md max-w-md mt-[-2px]\">\n<div class=\"leading-tight\">\n<div class=\"flex items-center font-normal flex-wrap\"><span class=\"inline-flex items-center gap-1 flex\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"mt-0.25 h-3.5 w-3.5\"><use href=\"\/cdn\/assets\/sprites-core-eba9d0fb.svg#3e6253\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/use><\/svg>4.8<\/span><span class=\"mx-1\">\u2022<\/span><span>Cemetery<\/span><span class=\"mx-1\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"text-green-600 dark:text-green-500\">Open<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p data-start=\"19453\" data-end=\"19559\">It is associated with historical remembrance and martyrs who died during the colonial and wartime periods.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"19561\" data-end=\"19674\">Unlike a commercial memorial park, its primary function is <strong data-start=\"19620\" data-end=\"19673\">historical commemoration and national remembrance<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"19676\" data-end=\"19679\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"k0wf8\" data-start=\"19681\" data-end=\"19735\">31. Complete Vietnam Funeral Industry Classification<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"19737\" data-end=\"19815\">For business research, the market can be organized into the following sectors:<\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"14dhk2o\" data-start=\"19817\" data-end=\"19840\">A. Funeral Services<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"19842\" data-end=\"19989\">\n<li data-section-id=\"11kdxvk\" data-start=\"19842\" data-end=\"19856\">Funeral Home<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"11kdzom\" data-start=\"19857\" data-end=\"19871\">Funeral Hall<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"mmg62n\" data-start=\"19872\" data-end=\"19890\">Funeral Director<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"9v6lqq\" data-start=\"19891\" data-end=\"19909\">Funeral Planning<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1dyek6p\" data-start=\"19910\" data-end=\"19934\">Funeral Transportation<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"13nvpj1\" data-start=\"19935\" data-end=\"19951\">Hearse Service<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ru4da9\" data-start=\"19952\" data-end=\"19970\">Body Preparation<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1adus6j\" data-start=\"19971\" data-end=\"19989\">Funeral Ceremony<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"10tf3bf\" data-start=\"19991\" data-end=\"20004\">B. Burial<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"20006\" data-end=\"20118\">\n<li data-section-id=\"u5sy1o\" data-start=\"20006\" data-end=\"20016\">Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"n8rw32\" data-start=\"20017\" data-end=\"20030\">Burial Plot<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"170hrov\" data-start=\"20031\" data-end=\"20038\">Grave<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"bcl8rd\" data-start=\"20039\" data-end=\"20053\">Family Grave<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ki5kre\" data-start=\"20054\" data-end=\"20068\">Double Grave<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hhb958\" data-start=\"20069\" data-end=\"20084\">Burial Ground<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1x9q3ca\" data-start=\"20085\" data-end=\"20102\">Family Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1autf6k\" data-start=\"20103\" data-end=\"20118\">Clan Cemetery<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"o1kwfj\" data-start=\"20120\" data-end=\"20136\">C. Cremation<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"20138\" data-end=\"20244\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1u2ix7s\" data-start=\"20138\" data-end=\"20151\">Crematorium<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"k00ntz\" data-start=\"20152\" data-end=\"20170\">Cremation Center<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hllhcu\" data-start=\"20171\" data-end=\"20190\">Cremation Chamber<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"73cq4x\" data-start=\"20191\" data-end=\"20210\">Cremation Service<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1mda57o\" data-start=\"20211\" data-end=\"20227\">Ash Collection<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1cczjzt\" data-start=\"20228\" data-end=\"20244\">Ash Processing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"t0bj04\" data-start=\"20246\" data-end=\"20264\">D. Columbarium<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"20266\" data-end=\"20398\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1q5sk28\" data-start=\"20266\" data-end=\"20279\">Columbarium<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"k5i3fd\" data-start=\"20280\" data-end=\"20299\">Columbarium Niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"asfdyg\" data-start=\"20300\" data-end=\"20311\">Urn Niche<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"cloy17\" data-start=\"20312\" data-end=\"20325\">Ash Storage<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"pl2q1p\" data-start=\"20326\" data-end=\"20348\">Ash Storage Building<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1az7buq\" data-start=\"20349\" data-end=\"20364\">Memorial Wall<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1vhovoa\" data-start=\"20365\" data-end=\"20377\">Urn Garden<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"12ae23q\" data-start=\"20378\" data-end=\"20398\">Family Columbarium<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1ubbnrt\" data-start=\"20400\" data-end=\"20416\">E. Mausoleum<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"20418\" data-end=\"20506\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1x91wpo\" data-start=\"20418\" data-end=\"20429\">Mausoleum<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"6b2nhm\" data-start=\"20430\" data-end=\"20448\">Family Mausoleum<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"10ic8q5\" data-start=\"20449\" data-end=\"20465\">Ancestral Tomb<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"o0e7d6\" data-start=\"20466\" data-end=\"20479\">Family Tomb<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"wzhz7g\" data-start=\"20480\" data-end=\"20491\">Clan Tomb<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"14l00gs\" data-start=\"20492\" data-end=\"20506\">Tomb Complex<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1evr5ju\" data-start=\"20508\" data-end=\"20528\">F. Memorial Park<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"20530\" data-end=\"20653\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1az6kfw\" data-start=\"20530\" data-end=\"20545\">Memorial Park<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1sfdt3\" data-start=\"20546\" data-end=\"20563\">Garden Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1bwcp04\" data-start=\"20564\" data-end=\"20579\">Cemetery Park<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1nsvo4h\" data-start=\"20580\" data-end=\"20605\">Spiritual Memorial Park<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"82vcnb\" data-start=\"20606\" data-end=\"20629\">Premium Memorial Park<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"22bg41\" data-start=\"20630\" data-end=\"20653\">Private Memorial Park<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"fk6cu1\" data-start=\"20655\" data-end=\"20682\">G. Religious Facilities<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"20684\" data-end=\"20806\">\n<li data-section-id=\"njvrm5\" data-start=\"20684\" data-end=\"20703\">Buddhist Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"j5euob\" data-start=\"20704\" data-end=\"20723\">Catholic Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"11mxbt9\" data-start=\"20724\" data-end=\"20744\">Christian Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1cs4bbt\" data-start=\"20745\" data-end=\"20762\">Temple Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"dnzwm3\" data-start=\"20763\" data-end=\"20780\">Church Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"6tufyg\" data-start=\"20781\" data-end=\"20806\">Religious Memorial Hall<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1sw3kma\" data-start=\"20808\" data-end=\"20840\">H. Government and Historical<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"20842\" data-end=\"20960\">\n<li data-section-id=\"mnm2wk\" data-start=\"20842\" data-end=\"20862\">Municipal Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"5oy5op\" data-start=\"20863\" data-end=\"20882\">Martyrs' Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"txdthe\" data-start=\"20883\" data-end=\"20902\">National Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1p73u9v\" data-start=\"20903\" data-end=\"20922\">Military Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"h2ylaw\" data-start=\"20923\" data-end=\"20937\">War Cemetery<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"11oza1t\" data-start=\"20938\" data-end=\"20960\">Foreigners' Cemetery<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1o81x71\" data-start=\"20962\" data-end=\"20986\">I. Cemetery Products<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"20988\" data-end=\"21149\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1256364\" data-start=\"20988\" data-end=\"21000\">Tombstones<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ef11n4\" data-start=\"21001\" data-end=\"21013\">Headstones<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"y2kg0r\" data-start=\"21014\" data-end=\"21032\">Memorial Plaques<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1j4ht4i\" data-start=\"21033\" data-end=\"21039\">Urns<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"prkn7u\" data-start=\"21040\" data-end=\"21060\">Columbarium Niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1mmcprl\" data-start=\"21061\" data-end=\"21077\">Memorial Walls<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ib567s\" data-start=\"21078\" data-end=\"21094\">Cemetery Gates<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4xbwfn\" data-start=\"21095\" data-end=\"21109\">Stone Fences<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"2qro11\" data-start=\"21110\" data-end=\"21128\">Memorial Statues<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"cjbclo\" data-start=\"21129\" data-end=\"21149\">Cemetery Furniture<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"21151\" data-end=\"21154\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"35vqqu\" data-start=\"21156\" data-end=\"21212\">32. Key English Search Terms for the Vietnamese Market<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"21214\" data-end=\"21367\">If the objective is to find Vietnamese funeral companies, cemetery operators, memorial parks or potential buyers, these keywords are particularly useful:<\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"12fyx5p\" data-start=\"21369\" data-end=\"21386\">Funeral Homes<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"21388\" data-end=\"21625\">\n<li data-section-id=\"rxjwfg\" data-start=\"21388\" data-end=\"21410\">Funeral Home Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"oqlboh\" data-start=\"21411\" data-end=\"21431\">Funeral Home Hanoi<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1kz5p7k\" data-start=\"21432\" data-end=\"21463\">Funeral Home Ho Chi Minh City<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"va0u0d\" data-start=\"21464\" data-end=\"21490\">Funeral Services Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"igi3fk\" data-start=\"21491\" data-end=\"21515\">Funeral Services Hanoi<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"mqhsrq\" data-start=\"21516\" data-end=\"21546\">Funeral Services Ho Chi Minh<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"h6ytdw\" data-start=\"21547\" data-end=\"21572\">Funeral Parlour Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"qsfl3n\" data-start=\"21573\" data-end=\"21599\">Funeral Director Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"vdkvqc\" data-start=\"21600\" data-end=\"21625\">Funeral Company Vietnam<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"w5bp5g\" data-start=\"21627\" data-end=\"21641\">Cemeteries<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"21643\" data-end=\"21897\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1i4micw\" data-start=\"21643\" data-end=\"21661\">Cemetery Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"i4ss8t\" data-start=\"21662\" data-end=\"21678\">Cemetery Hanoi<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"x6m9z0\" data-start=\"21679\" data-end=\"21706\">Cemetery Ho Chi Minh City<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4mn8z5\" data-start=\"21707\" data-end=\"21732\">Public Cemetery Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"d505z1\" data-start=\"21733\" data-end=\"21759\">Private Cemetery Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1nfytvq\" data-start=\"21760\" data-end=\"21785\">Family Cemetery Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1d74gr3\" data-start=\"21786\" data-end=\"21812\">Chinese Cemetery Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1eojrmp\" data-start=\"21813\" data-end=\"21840\">Buddhist Cemetery Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1oo8m5d\" data-start=\"21841\" data-end=\"21869\">Christian Cemetery Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1csrfr\" data-start=\"21870\" data-end=\"21897\">Catholic Cemetery Vietnam<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"3modup\" data-start=\"21899\" data-end=\"21917\">Memorial Parks<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"21919\" data-end=\"22100\">\n<li data-section-id=\"19fscsw\" data-start=\"21919\" data-end=\"21942\">Memorial Park Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1gw2c7x\" data-start=\"21943\" data-end=\"21964\">Memorial Park Hanoi<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"8fwmak\" data-start=\"21965\" data-end=\"21997\">Memorial Park Ho Chi Minh City<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"14cezyj\" data-start=\"21998\" data-end=\"22023\">Garden Cemetery Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"qilz5k\" data-start=\"22024\" data-end=\"22047\">Cemetery Park Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"gldtv\" data-start=\"22048\" data-end=\"22073\">Memorial Garden Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"mfvl63\" data-start=\"22074\" data-end=\"22100\">Premium Cemetery Vietnam<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"164ofnm\" data-start=\"22102\" data-end=\"22115\">Cremation<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"22117\" data-end=\"22294\">\n<li data-section-id=\"b65ngk\" data-start=\"22117\" data-end=\"22138\">Crematorium Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ecuz40\" data-start=\"22139\" data-end=\"22158\">Cremation Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"14o0q3y\" data-start=\"22159\" data-end=\"22187\">Cremation Services Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"12diu8b\" data-start=\"22188\" data-end=\"22214\">Cremation Center Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1xdptb9\" data-start=\"22215\" data-end=\"22243\">Cremation Facility Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1xq9m6h\" data-start=\"22244\" data-end=\"22263\">Crematorium Hanoi<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1h50wp4\" data-start=\"22264\" data-end=\"22294\">Crematorium Ho Chi Minh City<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1am835q\" data-start=\"22296\" data-end=\"22311\">Columbarium<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"22313\" data-end=\"22572\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1ry3eik\" data-start=\"22313\" data-end=\"22334\">Columbarium Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"jyp7sh\" data-start=\"22335\" data-end=\"22354\">Columbarium Hanoi<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1buxlbk\" data-start=\"22355\" data-end=\"22385\">Columbarium Ho Chi Minh City<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"9gsfhx\" data-start=\"22386\" data-end=\"22413\">Columbarium Niche Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"kuhtms\" data-start=\"22414\" data-end=\"22433\">Urn Niche Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1xsza07\" data-start=\"22434\" data-end=\"22455\">Ash Storage Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"12u7tu1\" data-start=\"22456\" data-end=\"22481\">Cremation Niche Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"o1f5ld\" data-start=\"22482\" data-end=\"22506\">Memorial Niche Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1lxzpd7\" data-start=\"22507\" data-end=\"22541\">Columbarium Manufacturer Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"tqtieg\" data-start=\"22542\" data-end=\"22572\">Columbarium Supplier Vietnam<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"b5muk2\" data-start=\"22574\" data-end=\"22587\">Mausoleum<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"22589\" data-end=\"22783\">\n<li data-section-id=\"u35b74\" data-start=\"22589\" data-end=\"22608\">Mausoleum Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1zg9ty\" data-start=\"22609\" data-end=\"22635\">Family Mausoleum Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1s46kpy\" data-start=\"22636\" data-end=\"22657\">Family Tomb Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"9m4cch\" data-start=\"22658\" data-end=\"22682\">Ancestral Tomb Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"3mi0ht\" data-start=\"22683\" data-end=\"22712\">Ancestral Mausoleum Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ujjfqo\" data-start=\"22713\" data-end=\"22735\">Tomb Complex Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"j12qkb\" data-start=\"22736\" data-end=\"22763\">Cemetery Monument Vietnam<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"sbrzxv\" data-start=\"22764\" data-end=\"22783\">Tombstone Vietnam<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"22785\" data-end=\"22788\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"sla0bz\" data-start=\"22790\" data-end=\"22843\">33. Vietnamese Keywords for Finding Local Companies<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"22845\" data-end=\"22949\">For actual Vietnamese-market prospecting, the Vietnamese keywords are often more effective than English:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"22951\" data-end=\"22962\"><strong data-start=\"22951\" data-end=\"22962\">Funeral<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"22964\" data-end=\"23071\">\n<li data-section-id=\"b8hiuz\" data-start=\"22964\" data-end=\"22977\">nh\u00e0 tang l\u1ec5<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1gjkbqi\" data-start=\"22978\" data-end=\"22995\">d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tang l\u1ec5<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"17cl5e6\" data-start=\"22996\" data-end=\"23013\">c\u00f4ng ty tang l\u1ec5<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1cv4e4m\" data-start=\"23014\" data-end=\"23032\">d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 mai t\u00e1ng<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1rr6pzh\" data-start=\"23033\" data-end=\"23049\">d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1eadu s\u1ef1<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1lcguwl\" data-start=\"23050\" data-end=\"23071\">nh\u00e0 tang l\u1ec5 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"23073\" data-end=\"23085\"><strong data-start=\"23073\" data-end=\"23085\">Cemetery<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"23087\" data-end=\"23214\">\n<li data-section-id=\"2ga61b\" data-start=\"23087\" data-end=\"23100\">ngh\u0129a trang<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"zkxygx\" data-start=\"23101\" data-end=\"23122\">ngh\u0129a trang t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"xwui8d\" data-start=\"23123\" data-end=\"23145\">ngh\u0129a trang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"19o8uz8\" data-start=\"23146\" data-end=\"23167\">ngh\u0129a trang cao c\u1ea5p<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"vifo5u\" data-start=\"23168\" data-end=\"23190\">hoa vi\u00ean ngh\u0129a trang<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"yxzeqy\" data-start=\"23191\" data-end=\"23214\">c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean ngh\u0129a trang<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"23216\" data-end=\"23229\"><strong data-start=\"23216\" data-end=\"23229\">Cremation<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"23231\" data-end=\"23312\">\n<li data-section-id=\"zh4egi\" data-start=\"23231\" data-end=\"23241\">h\u1ecfa t\u00e1ng<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"g7ngw5\" data-start=\"23242\" data-end=\"23260\">d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ecfa t\u00e1ng<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"2ccazg\" data-start=\"23261\" data-end=\"23277\">c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ecfa t\u00e1ng<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"rpmxf\" data-start=\"23278\" data-end=\"23298\">trung t\u00e2m h\u1ecfa t\u00e1ng<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"18zp2mk\" data-start=\"23299\" data-end=\"23312\">l\u00f2 h\u1ecfa t\u00e1ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"23314\" data-end=\"23329\"><strong data-start=\"23314\" data-end=\"23329\">Columbarium<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"23331\" data-end=\"23431\">\n<li data-section-id=\"15y9rd\" data-start=\"23331\" data-end=\"23352\">nh\u00e0 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef tro c\u1ed1t<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"zmkcqh\" data-start=\"23353\" data-end=\"23374\">khu l\u01b0u gi\u1eef tro c\u1ed1t<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"e1n3ts\" data-start=\"23375\" data-end=\"23392\">nh\u00e0 th\u1edd tro c\u1ed1t<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1wjux55\" data-start=\"23393\" data-end=\"23414\">n\u01a1i l\u01b0u gi\u1eef tro c\u1ed1t<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1fmk5d1\" data-start=\"23415\" data-end=\"23431\">khu m\u1ed9 tro c\u1ed1t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"23433\" data-end=\"23446\"><strong data-start=\"23433\" data-end=\"23446\">Mausoleum<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"23448\" data-end=\"23551\">\n<li data-section-id=\"4zli4a\" data-start=\"23448\" data-end=\"23457\">l\u0103ng m\u1ed9<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ajoejw\" data-start=\"23458\" data-end=\"23471\">khu l\u0103ng m\u1ed9<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1k2zt5a\" data-start=\"23472\" data-end=\"23490\">l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1g3zme6\" data-start=\"23491\" data-end=\"23508\">khu m\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"kik671\" data-start=\"23509\" data-end=\"23521\">m\u1ed9 gia t\u1ed9c<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"14qbfb1\" data-start=\"23522\" data-end=\"23529\">m\u1ed9 t\u1ed5<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"oea899\" data-start=\"23530\" data-end=\"23551\">khu l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 gia t\u1ed9c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"23553\" data-end=\"23563\"><strong data-start=\"23553\" data-end=\"23563\">Burial<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"23565\" data-end=\"23660\">\n<li data-section-id=\"105c4tj\" data-start=\"23565\" data-end=\"23579\">khu mai t\u00e1ng<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"t8yp59\" data-start=\"23580\" data-end=\"23593\">khu an t\u00e1ng<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1g00i31\" data-start=\"23594\" data-end=\"23603\">ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"wp9pf1\" data-start=\"23604\" data-end=\"23613\">m\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1069zj\" data-start=\"23614\" data-end=\"23631\">\u0111\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a trang<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"izlli3\" data-start=\"23632\" data-end=\"23645\">\u0111\u1ea5t an t\u00e1ng<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"vhqx4t\" data-start=\"23646\" data-end=\"23660\">khu ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"23662\" data-end=\"23665\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"1difc5q\" data-start=\"23667\" data-end=\"23724\">34. Vietnam Columbarium and Cemetery Supply Opportunity<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"23726\" data-end=\"23927\">For a manufacturer\/exporter of <strong data-start=\"23757\" data-end=\"23788\">aluminum columbarium niches<\/strong>, Vietnam is particularly interesting because modern memorial parks increasingly combine traditional burial with cremation and ash storage.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"23929\" data-end=\"23957\">Potential customers include:<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"23959\" data-end=\"24368\">\n<li data-section-id=\"15talsb\" data-start=\"23959\" data-end=\"23986\">Memorial park developers<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ebfdtq\" data-start=\"23987\" data-end=\"24008\">Cemetery operators<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"wbxpqj\" data-start=\"24009\" data-end=\"24033\">Crematorium operators<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"b1x7yx\" data-start=\"24034\" data-end=\"24054\">Funeral companies<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"qd548l\" data-start=\"24055\" data-end=\"24079\">Columbarium operators<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1yblkre\" data-start=\"24080\" data-end=\"24099\">Buddhist temples<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"190ws1t\" data-start=\"24100\" data-end=\"24126\">Religious organizations<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"b5z0nj\" data-start=\"24127\" data-end=\"24152\">Construction companies<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"10i5m6a\" data-start=\"24153\" data-end=\"24175\">Cemetery architects<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"x0p7rq\" data-start=\"24176\" data-end=\"24204\">Memorial-park developers<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"2a3ark\" data-start=\"24205\" data-end=\"24239\">Municipal cemetery authorities<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4b2las\" data-start=\"24240\" data-end=\"24278\">Tombstone and memorial contractors<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1xucnyt\" data-start=\"24279\" data-end=\"24313\">Funeral-equipment distributors<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"es9xuo\" data-start=\"24314\" data-end=\"24331\">Urn suppliers<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"cvyu81\" data-start=\"24332\" data-end=\"24368\">Cemetery landscaping contractors<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p data-start=\"24370\" data-end=\"24397\">Potential products include:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"24399\" data-end=\"24728\">\n<li data-section-id=\"tmaqww\" data-start=\"24399\" data-end=\"24428\">Aluminum Columbarium Niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"pc7frd\" data-start=\"24429\" data-end=\"24465\">Stainless Steel Columbarium Niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"d6wcfq\" data-start=\"24466\" data-end=\"24484\">Cremation Niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1s08gdg\" data-start=\"24485\" data-end=\"24499\">Urn Cabinets<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"cugpfy\" data-start=\"24500\" data-end=\"24522\">Ash Storage Cabinets<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1mmcprl\" data-start=\"24523\" data-end=\"24539\">Memorial Walls<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1fodem\" data-start=\"24540\" data-end=\"24569\">Outdoor Columbarium Systems<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1xesj7b\" data-start=\"24570\" data-end=\"24598\">Indoor Columbarium Systems<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1jzyzrp\" data-start=\"24599\" data-end=\"24620\">Family Columbariums<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"46lbm6\" data-start=\"24621\" data-end=\"24640\">Double Urn Niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"16d2i1t\" data-start=\"24641\" data-end=\"24660\">Single Urn Niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1yek9r1\" data-start=\"24661\" data-end=\"24685\">Custom Memorial Niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1kmeiqc\" data-start=\"24686\" data-end=\"24706\">Glass-Front Niches<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"qgri2\" data-start=\"24707\" data-end=\"24728\">Lockable Urn Niches<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"24730\" data-end=\"24733\" \/>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"1vx30of\" data-start=\"24735\" data-end=\"24801\">35. Overall Structure of Vietnam's Funeral and Memorial Industry<\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"24803\" data-end=\"24848\">The Vietnamese industry can be summarized as:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"24850\" data-end=\"24915\"><strong data-start=\"24850\" data-end=\"24915\">Death \u2192 Funeral Home \u2192 Funeral Ceremony \u2192 Burial or Cremation<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"t66b5q\" data-start=\"24917\" data-end=\"24933\">Burial route<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"24935\" data-end=\"25025\"><strong data-start=\"24935\" data-end=\"25025\">Funeral Home \u2192 Cemetery \u2192 Burial Plot \u2192 Tomb \/ Mausoleum \u2192 Long-Term Grave Maintenance<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"2n7y9n\" data-start=\"25027\" data-end=\"25046\">Cremation route<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"25048\" data-end=\"25137\"><strong data-start=\"25048\" data-end=\"25137\">Funeral Home \u2192 Crematorium \u2192 Cremation \u2192 Urn \u2192 Columbarium \/ Ash Storage \/ Urn Burial<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1wv5i4y\" data-start=\"25139\" data-end=\"25169\">Traditional reburial route<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"25171\" data-end=\"25274\"><strong data-start=\"25171\" data-end=\"25274\">Temporary Burial \u2192 Exhumation \u2192 Cleaning of Remains \u2192 Secondary Burial \/ Bone Storage \u2192 Family Tomb<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"o3ck7a\" data-start=\"25276\" data-end=\"25299\">Memorial-park route<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"25301\" data-end=\"25408\"><strong data-start=\"25301\" data-end=\"25408\">Funeral Service \u2192 Memorial Park \u2192 Burial Plot \/ Columbarium \u2192 Memorial Monument \u2192 Long-Term Maintenance<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"25410\" data-end=\"25718\">Vietnamese regulations recognize burial, cremation and other forms of final disposition, while cemetery services encompass funeral organization, burial, cremation, grave construction, reburial, grave care, renovation, ash preservation and memorial\/visitation services. <span class=\"contents\" data-content-reference-start=\"25512\" data-content-reference-end=\"25544\"><span class=\"\" data-state=\"closed\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"25720\" data-end=\"26112\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"><strong data-start=\"25720\" data-end=\"25964\">For B2B purposes, the highest-value categories to target in Vietnam are likely to be <code data-start=\"25807\" data-end=\"25913\">Memorial Park + Columbarium + Crematorium + Burial Plot + Mausoleum + Funeral Home + Cemetery Management<\/code>, rather than only traditional public cemeteries.<\/strong> This is especially relevant if your objective is to sell <strong data-start=\"26022\" data-end=\"26111\">aluminum columbarium niches, urn niches, cemetery infrastructure or memorial products<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-194","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-columbarium-niche"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pandaofficefurniture.eu\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/194","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pandaofficefurniture.eu\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pandaofficefurniture.eu\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pandaofficefurniture.eu\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pandaofficefurniture.eu\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=194"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/pandaofficefurniture.eu\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/194\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":197,"href":"https:\/\/pandaofficefurniture.eu\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/194\/revisions\/197"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pandaofficefurniture.eu\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=194"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pandaofficefurniture.eu\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=194"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pandaofficefurniture.eu\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=194"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}